{"id":3847,"date":"2022-01-22T19:33:59","date_gmt":"2022-01-22T11:33:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chinesemusics.com\/?page_id=3847"},"modified":"2022-03-28T14:56:09","modified_gmt":"2022-03-28T06:56:09","slug":"%e6%a8%82%e5%99%a8%e5%90%b9","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/chinesemusics.com\/en_us\/info-db\/instrument\/%e6%a8%82%e5%99%a8%e5%90%b9\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6a02\u5668\u4ecb\u7d39 – \u5439"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u5439\u7ba1\u985e Other Wind Instruments<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u7b1b\u5b50\u00a0 Dizi<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u7c2b Xiao<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u55e9\u5436 Suona<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u7b19\u00a0 Sheng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u8606\u7b19 Lusheng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u7ba1 Guanzi<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u96d9\u7ba1 Shuangguan<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u5589\u7ba1 Houguan<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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-Paixiao Paixiao<\/em><\/strong><\/p>

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u5df4\u70cf Ba-u<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u5864 Xun<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u846b\u8606\u7d72 Hulusi<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u53e3\u7b1b Koudi<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u9aa8\u7b1b Gudi (Bone Flute)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u7b1b\u5b50 - Dizi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00a0<\/p>

\u7b1b\u5b50\uff0c\u53e4\u4ee3\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u6a6b\u5439\u300d\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u53c8\u7a31\u300c\u6a6b\u7b1b\u300d\u3002\u76f8\u50b3\u6f22\u6b66\u5e1d\u6642\uff08\u516c\u5143\u524d\u4e00\u56db\u25cb\u81f3\u516b\u4e03\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u5f35\u9a2b\u5230\u4e86\u897f\u57df\uff08\u5373\u73fe\u5728\u7684\u4e2d\u4e9e\u7d30\u4e9e\u4e00\u5e36\uff09\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u624d\u958b\u59cb\u5c07\u5439\u7b1b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u50b3\u5230\u7576\u6642\u7684\u9996\u90fd\u9577\u5b89\uff08\u5373\u73fe\u5728\u7684\u897f\u5b89\uff09\u3002\u5f9e\u6f22\u5893\u7684\u62d3\u7247\u548c\u6566\u714c\u7684\u58c1\u756b\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u7b1b\u5b50\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u6211\u570b\u81f3\u5c11\u5728\u4e8c\u5343\u591a\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\u5c31\u5df2\u7d93\u6709\u4e86\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6a02\u5668\u3002\u7b1b\u5b50\u50b3\u5165\u5f8c\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u5728\u9577\u671f\u6f14\u594f\u7684\u5be6\u8e10\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7d50\u5408\u4e86\u672c\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u7279\u9ede\u548c\u559c\u611b\uff0c\u5275\u9020\u6027\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u4e86\u7b1b\u5b50\u7684\u6f14\u594f\u6280\u8853\u3002\u5982\u5728\u5b8b\u3001\u660e\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u6c11\u9593\u6d41\u884c\u4e86\u534a\u5b54\u6309\u6cd5\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u5728\u5b8b\u4ee3\u9673\u6698\u300a\u6a02\u66f8\u300b\u3001\u660e\u4ee3\u6731\u8f09\u5809\u300a\u5f8b\u5442\u7cbe\u7fa9\u300b\u8207\u671d\u9bae\u7684\u300a\u6a02\u5b78\u8ecc\u7bc4\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u8a73\u7d30\u7684\u8a18\u8f09\u3002<\/p>

\u76ee\u524d\u6c11\u9593\u5404\u5730\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u7b1b\u5b50\uff0c\u7a2e\u985e\u5f88\u591a\u3002\u6709\u4f34\u594f\u5357\u65b9\u6606\u66f2\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u6232\u66f2\u7684\u66f2\u7b1b\uff1b\u6709\u4f34\u594f\u5317\u65b9\u6886\u5b50\u6232\u7684\u6886\u7b1b\uff1b\u9084\u6709\u6c11\u9593\u5404\u5730\u5c40\u90e8\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u7b1b\u5b50\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u65b0\u4e2d\u570b\u6210\u7acb\u5f8c\uff0c\u5404\u6587\u85dd\u5de5\u4f5c\u5718\u9ad4\u9084\u958b\u59cb\u61c9\u7528\u4e86\u4ed6\u5011\u8a66\u88fd\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u6539\u826f\u65b0\u7b1b\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u7b1b\u5b50\u7684\u7a2e\u985e\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6c11\u9593\u8f03\u666e\u904d\u61c9\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u66f2\u7b1b\u548c\u6886\u7b1b\u5169\u7a2e\u3002<\/p>

\u7b1b\u5b50\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7af9\u88fd\u7684\u6a02\u5668\uff0c\u4e0a\u958b\u6709\u5439\u5b54\u548c\u819c\u5b54\u5404\u4e00\uff0c\u6309\u6307\u5b54\u516d\u500b\uff0c\u97f3\u8272\u6e05\u8106\uff0c\u97f3\u57df\u8f03\u5bec\uff0c\u80fd\u5439\u5169\u7d44\u591a\u4e00\u9ede\u7684\u97f3\uff1b\u6886\u7b1b\u6bd4\u66f2\u7b1b\u77ed\u5c0f\uff0c\u5728\u97f3\u9ad8\u4e0a\uff0c\u6bd4\u66f2\u7b1b\u9ad8\u4e00\u500b\u7d14\u56db\u5ea6\u3002\u66f2\u7b1b\u7684\u97f3\u8272\u67d4\u7f8e\u800c\u6e05\u8106\uff0c\u6886\u7b1b\u5247\u9ad8\u4ea2\u800c\u660e\u6717\u3002\u9019\u4e8c\u7a2e\u7b1b\u5b50\u9664\u4f34\u594f\u6232\u66f2\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u666e\u904d\u5730\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u7368\u594f\u3001\u5408\u594f\u548c\u6c11\u6b4c\u3001\u821e\u8e48\u7684\u4f34\u594f\uff1b\u4f34\u594f\u6642\uff0c\u5b83\u5f80\u5f80\u4ee5\u4e3b\u8981\u6a02\u5668\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u51fa\u73fe\u3002<\/p>

\u65b0\u4e2d\u570b\u6210\u7acb\u5f8c\uff0c\u5c0d\u7b1b\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u591a\u6b21\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u5148\u5f8c\u88fd\u51fa\u4e86\u6210\u5957\u7684\u5341\u4e8c\u8abf\u7684\u7b1b\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u66f2\u7b1b\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\u6539\u88fd\u4e86\u52a0\u9375\u7b1b\uff0c\u4fdd\u7559\u539f\u6709\u7684\u516d\u500b\u97f3\u5b54\uff0c\u7528\u9375\u5b50\u63a7\u5236\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u534a\u97f3\uff0c\u4fbf\u65bc\u81e8\u6642\u5347\u964d\u534a\u97f3\u53ca\u8f49\u8abf\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Dizi<\/em> was called the Horizontal Winds<\/em> in ancient times. Later on, it was also called the Horizontal Flute<\/em>. It was told that ZHANG Qian of the Han Emperor Wu (140 to 87 B.C.) firstly brought back the method of performing the dizi<\/em> from the Western Regions out of China to the capital Chang\u2019an. It was clearly showed that from the rubbings of the ancient tombs and murals of Dunhuang of Han dynasty, dizi<\/em> was used as musical instrument at least 2,000 years in China. Since that on, Chinese people had made long-term practices on performing which developed most of the performing techniques of dizi<\/em>. These were reflected in full details on the Book of Music<\/em> by CHEN Yang of the Song dynasty, the Meaning of Lulu<\/em> (pitch) by ZHU Zai-yu of the Ming dynasty and the book Trend of Music<\/em> of the North Korea.<\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 At present, there are different kinds of dizi<\/em> be used in the Chinese music. The most popular ones are the qudi<\/em> used in the operatic music of the southern areas, such as Kunqu<\/em> and the bangdi<\/em> used in the operatic music of the northern areas, such as Bangzi<\/em>. There are still other kinds of dizi<\/em> be used in local music. After the establishment of New China, musicians have made improvements on the traditional dizi<\/em> and invent some kinds of new ones. Although there are many types, the most popular ones are the qudi<\/em> and bangdi<\/em>.<\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Dizi<\/em> is made with bamboo and has a range of more than two octaves. Along the bamboo, there are one hole for blowing, one hole for the membrane and six holes for the scale. Bangdi<\/em> is much smaller and the pitch is higher than that of the qudi<\/em>. These two kinds of dizi<\/em> are the main instruments of the ensemble. Besides of opera accompaniment, they are also used as solo instruments and accompaniment for folk songs and dances.<\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nowadays, there are new reformations on dizi<\/em>. In preservation of the traditional six scale holes, there is a mechanic-operated system to be applied for the newly added semitone holes. A complete set of twelve different pitch dizi<\/em> is manufactured for the use in modern compositions, etc.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u7b19 - Sheng<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00a0<\/p>

\u7b19\uff0c\u662f\u6211\u570b\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u7c27\u7ba1\u6a02\u5668\u3002\u6bb7\u4ee3\uff08\u516c\u5143\u524d\u4e00\u56db\u25cb\u4e00\u81f3\u524d\u4e00\u4e00\u4e8c\u4e8c\u5e74\uff09\u7684\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u4e2d\u5df2\u6709\u300c\u548c\u300d\uff08\u5c0f\u7b19\uff09\u7684\u540d\u7a31\u3002\u5728\u6625\u79cb\u672b\u671f\u7684\u300a\u8a69\u7d93\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u7d93\u5e38\u63d0\u5230\u5b83\u3002\u6625\u79cb\u6230\u570b\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u7b19\u662f\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u6a02\u5668\uff0c\u5927\u7684\u540d\u7afd\uff0c\u6709\u4e09\u5341\u516d\u7c27\uff0c\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u7c27\u70ba\u7af9\u88fd\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u6539\u70ba\u9285\u88fd\u3002\u9577\u6c99\u99ac\u738b\u5806\u4e09\u865f\u6f22\u5893\u51fa\u571f\u7684\u6f22\u521d\u7684\u7afd\uff0c\u6709\u4e8c\u5341\u516d\u7ba1\uff0c\u7c27\u70ba\u7af9\u88fd\u3002<\/p>

\u5357\u5317\u671d\u5230\u968b\u5510\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u5341\u4e5d\u7c27\u3001\u5341\u4e03\u7c27\u3001\u5341\u4e09\u7c27\u7684\u7b19\uff0c\u5510\u4ee3\u53c8\u6709\u5341\u4e03\u7c27\u7684\u7fa9\u7ba1\u7b19\uff0c\u5728\u5341\u4e03\u7c27\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u53e6\u5099\u5169\u6839\u7fa9\u7ba1\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6642\uff0c\u624d\u5c07\u5b83\u81e8\u6642\u88dd\u4e0a\u53bb\u3002\u5317\u5b8b\u666f\u5fb7\u4e09\u5e74\uff08\u516c\u5143\u4e00\u25cb\u25cb\u516d\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u5bae\u5ef7\u6a02\u5de5\u55ae\u4ef2\u8f9b\u628a\u7fa9\u7ba1\u7b19\u6062\u5fa9\u70ba\u5341\u4e5d\u7c27\u7b19\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u66fe\u666e\u904d\u61c9\u7528\u3002<\/p>

\u5317\u5b8b\u521d\u5e74\uff08\u7d04\u5728\u516c\u5143\u4e5d\u516d\u25cb\u81f3\u4e5d\u516d\u4e94\u5e74\u9593\uff09\uff0c\u56db\u5ddd\u5730\u5340\u66fe\u51fa\u73fe\u4e00\u7a2e\u88dd\u6709\u4e09\u5341\u516d\u7c27\u7684\u9cf3\u7b19\uff0c\u4f46\u672a\u6d41\u50b3\u958b\u4f86\u3002<\/p>

\u660e\u6e05\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u6c11\u9593\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u7b19\u6709\u65b9\u3001\u5713\u3001\u5927\u3001\u5c0f\u5404\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u985e\u578b\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u80fd\u8f49\u56db\u500b\u8abf\u7684\u5341\u4e03\u7c27\u7b19\uff0c\u5728\u500b\u5225\u6a02\u968a\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u666e\u904d\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u662f\u5341\u4e09\u7c27\u548c\u5341\u56db\u7c27\u7b19\u3002<\/p>

\u7b19\u7684\u69cb\u9020\u662f\uff0c\u5c07\u9285\u88fd\u7684\u7c27\u7247\u88dd\u5728\u82e5\u5e72\u7af9\u7ba1\u4e0b\u7aef\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u7af9\u7ba1\u63d2\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u530f\u88fd\u3001\u6728\u88fd\u6216\u9285\u88fd\u7684\u5e36\u6709\u5439\u53e3\u7684\u6597\u5b50\u4e0a\u3002\u5439\u6642\u7528\u6307\u6309\u8457\u7af9\u7ba1\u4e0b\u7aef\u6240\u958b\u7684\u5b54\uff0c\u5373\u80fd\u4f7f\u7c27\u7247\u8207\u7ba1\u4e2d\u6c23\u67f1\u767c\u751f\u5171\u9cf4\u800c\u767c\u51fa\u6a02\u97f3\u3002\u6f14\u594f\u6642\uff0c\u9664\u5076\u7136\u4f7f\u7528\u55ae\u97f3\u5916\uff0c\u5927\u90fd\u7528\u4e8c\u97f3\u3001\u4e09\u97f3\u6216\u56db\u97f3\u914d\u5408\u6210\u548c\u97f3\u3002<\/p>

\u65b0\u4e2d\u570b\u6210\u7acb\u5f8c\uff0c\u5c0d\u7b19\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u4e0d\u65b7\u5730\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u5df2\u6709\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u3001\u4e8c\u5341\u56db\u3001\u4e8c\u5341\u4e94\u3001\u4e8c\u5341\u516d\u7c27\u53ca\u52a0\u9375\u7b19\u3001\u5e36\u5171\u9cf4\u7b52\u7b19\u7b49\u591a\u7a2e\u985e\u578b\u7684\u7b19\u51fa\u73fe\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u9084\u8a66\u88fd\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u4e09\u5341\u4e8c\u7c27\u7b19\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u7b19\u97f3\u57df\u8f03\u5bec\uff0c\u97f3\u91cf\u8f03\u5927\uff0c\u5177\u5099\u5341\u4e8c\u500b\u534a\u97f3\uff0c\u8f49\u8abf\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002<\/p>

\u7b19\u7684\u5439\u594f\u6280\u8853\u4e5f\u6709\u8f03\u5927\u7684\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u7528\u65bc\u4f34\u594f\u3001\u5408\u594f\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u5df2\u767c\u5c55\u70ba\u7368\u594f\u6a02\u5668\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Sheng<\/em> was China’s oldest wind reed instrument. The small sheng<\/em> was called he<\/em> (1401 to 1122 B.C.). Later on, it developed to be the main instrument. The big sheng<\/em> was called yu<\/em> and had thirty-six reeds. In the early times, the reeds were made of bamboo, and it was changed to brass in later time. The unearthed yu<\/em> of Han dynasty had twenty-six bamboo reeds. In Tang dynasty, they were mainly nineteen, seventeen and thirteen reeds. In Sichuen, there appeared a thirty-six reeds sheng<\/em> in early Song dynasty. It was the thirteen and fourteen ones popularly be used in Ming and Qing dynasty. But there were one which could modulate in four keys and it was used only in special ensemble. The sheng<\/em> was constructed by installing a number of bamboo tubes with reeds on the end of each tube to the wood or brass container which had a blowing end. The bamboo tubes were tuned in different pitch with a sound hole. By closing of these sound holes through fingering, we can perform melody from it. Nowadays, the sheng<\/em> has constantly reformed to have twenty-one, twenty-four, twenty-five and twenty-six reeds with key controls. Besides used in accompaniment and orchestral works, sheng<\/em> has been developed into a solo instrument.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u8606\u7b19 - Lusheng<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00a0<\/p>

\u8606\u7b19\uff0c\u70ba\u897f\u5357\u5730\u5340\u82d7\u3001\u7464\u3001\u4f97\u7b49\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u7c27\u7ba1\u6a02\u5668\u3002\u65e9\u5728\u897f\u6f22\u521d\u5df2\u51fa\u73fe\u3002\u5357\u5b8b\u8303\u6210\u5927\u300a\u6842\u6d77\u865e\u8861\u5fd7\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u66fe\u63d0\u5230\u4ed6\u7576\u6642\u5728\u5ee3\u897f\u6240\u898b\u5230\u7684\u7464\u65cf\u516b\u7ba1\u8606\u7b19\u3002<\/p>

\u8606\u7b19\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0d\u4e00\uff0c\u7ba1\u7684\u6578\u76ee\u4e5f\u4e0d\u76e1\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u55ae\u7ba1\u3001\u96d9\u7ba1\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e94\u7ba1\u3001\u516d\u7ba1\u3001\u516b\u7ba1\u3001\u5341\u7ba1\u90fd\u6709\uff0c\u4f46\u8f03\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u662f\u516d\u7ba1\u8606\u7b19\u3002\u516d\u7ba1\u8606\u7b19\u662f\u7528\u516d\u6839\u9577\u77ed\u4e0d\u4e00\u7684\u7af9\u7ba1\uff0c\u5206\u6210\u5169\u6392\u63d2\u5165\u6728\u88fd\u7684\u7b19\u6597\u4e2d\uff1b\u6bcf\u7ba1\u7684\u6839\u90e8\u5404\u88dd\u4e00\u500b\u9285\u8cea\u7c27\u7247\uff1b\u7ba1\u7684\u4e0b\u7aef\u5404\u958b\u4e00\u500b\u5c0f\u5b54\uff0c\u5439\u594f\u6642\u624b\u6307\u6309\u5b54\u767c\u97f3\u3002\u6709\u7684\u8606\u7b19\uff0c\u5728\u7af9\u7ba1\u4e0a\u7aef\u5957\u4e0a\u7af9\u7bfe\u6298\u6210\u7684\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\u5587\u53ed\u6216\u5957\u4e0a\u7a0d\u5927\u7684\u7af9\u7b52\uff0c\u8d77\u5171\u9cf4\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5439\u594f\u6642\uff0c\u4ee5\u55ae\u97f3\u594f\u65cb\u5f8b\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u767c\u51fa\u5169\u500b\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u548c\u97f3\u4f5c\u4f34\u594f\u3002<\/p>

\u8606\u7b19\u591a\u7528\u65bc\u7368\u594f\u3001\u5408\u594f\u548c\u821e\u8e48\u4f34\u594f\u3002\u8cb4\u5dde\u82d7\u65cf\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u6709\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u56db\u7a2e\u8606\u7b19\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u6a02\u968a\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u6709\u4e00\u6574\u5957\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u8606\u7b19\u66f2\u3002<\/p>

\u65b0\u4e2d\u570b\u6210\u7acb\u5f8c\uff0c\u5c0d\u8606\u7b19\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u591a\u6b21\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u5148\u5f8c\u6709\u5341\u4e94\u7ba1\u3001\u4e8c\u5341\u7ba1\u3001\u4e8c\u5341\u516d\u7ba1\u3001\u4e09\u5341\u516d\u7ba1\u7684\u8606\u7b19\u51fa\u73fe\u3002\u6709\u7684\u5c07\u6728\u88fd\u7b19\u6597\u6539\u70ba\u91d1\u5c6c\u7b19\u6597\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u52a0\u4e0a\u97f3\u9375\uff0c\u64f4\u5927\u4e86\u97f3\u57df\uff0c\u80fd\u5439\u594f\u5341\u4e8c\u500b\u534a\u97f3\uff0c\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e86\u8f49\u8abf\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u80fd\u6f14\u594f\u8f03\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u6a02\u66f2\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Lusheng<\/em> was the wind reed instrument of Miao, Yao and Dong region of the south-west China. It was said to be appeared in Han dynasty. FAN Cheng-da of the Song dynasty mentioned in his book that he had seen an eight-tube lusheng<\/em> of Yao tribe. The size and the number of tubes of lusheng<\/em> are different. There are usually single, double, five, six, eight and ten tubes instruments and the most popular is the six-tube one. It is to use six tubes of different length inserted in two rows into a wooden container. The tubes are installed with brass reeds at the end tuning at different pitch with small holes. By pressing these holes to produce musical sounds. It can play single sound and also cords. It is used for the solo, ensemble and dance accompaniment. At the Miao region of Guizhou, there are ensembles of lushengs<\/em> with four different sizes and they have their complete set of traditional music. Nowadays, lusheng<\/em> has been steadily reformed for many times. It has modified to consist of fifteen, twenty, twenty-six and thirty-six tubes instruments. The wooden container has changed to metallic. The scale is upgraded to have twelve semitones and can play more complex music.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u7c2b - Xiao<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00a0<\/p>

\u73fe\u5728\u7684\u7c2b\u5728\u6f22\u9b4f\u516d\u671d\u6642\u4ee3\u7a31\u70ba\u7bf4\uff08di\u5373\u7b1b\uff09\u3002\u7bf4\u5f9e\u6211\u570b\u897f\u5317\u7f8c\u65cf\u5730\u5340\u50b3\u5230\u4e2d\u539f\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u53ea\u6709\u56db\u500b\u6309\u5b54\uff0c\u897f\u6f22\u4eac\u623f\uff08\u516c\u5143\u524d\u4e03\u4e03\u5e74\u81f3\u524d\u4e09\u4e03\u5e74\uff09\u5728\u80cc\u9762\u52a0\u4e00\u5b54\uff0c\u624d\u6709\u4e86\u4e94\u500b\u6309\u5b54\u3002\u6649\u4ee3\u6a02\u5de5\u5217\u548c\u5728\u897f\u5143\u4e8c\u56db\u4e03\u5e74\u5de6\u53f3\u6240\u5439\u7684\u7b1b\uff08\u7c2b\uff09\uff0c\u5df2\u6709\u516d\u500b\u6309\u5b54\uff0c\u8207\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u7c2b\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u3002<\/p>

\u5510\u4ee3\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u7a31\u70ba\u5c3a\u516b\u7684\u5439\u7ba1\u6a02\u5668\uff0c\u5f62\u5236\u8207\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u7c2b\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u53e6\u52a0\u6709\u8cbc\u7af9\u819c\u7684\u5b54\u3002\u5510\u5b8b\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u6f38\u5c07\u7bf4\u6539\u7a31\u70ba\u7c2b\u6216\u6d1e\u7c2b\u3002<\/p>

\u7c2b\u5728\u9b4f\u6649\u5357\u5317\u671d\u6642\uff0c\u5df2\u7528\u65bc\u4f34\u594f\u3001\u5408\u594f\u548c\u7368\u594f\u3002\u6649\u6853\u4f0a\u66fe\u5728\u7b1b\uff08\u7c2b\uff09\u4e0a\u4f5c\u4e09\u5f04\u8abf\uff1b\u5728\u9b4f\u6649\u5357\u5317\u671d\u4f34\u594f\u76f8\u548c\u6b4c\u7684\u6a02\u968a\u4e2d\uff0c\u90fd\u7528\u5230\u7b1b\uff08\u7c2b\uff09\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u7684\u7c2b\u4ecd\u7528\u65bc\u4f34\u594f\u3001\u5408\u594f\u548c\u7368\u594f\u3002<\/p>

\u7c2b\uff0c\u7af9\u88fd\uff0c\u76f4\u5439\uff0c\u6309\u5b54\u70ba\u524d\u4e94\u5f8c\u4e00\uff0c\u4e0a\u7aef\u958b\u4e00\u5439\u53e3\u5b54\u3002\u97f3\u8272\u5713\u6f64\u3001\u67d4\u548c\u3002<\/p>

Xiao<\/em> was the wind instrument of China. It was first appeared in Han dynasty and was called di<\/em>. Di<\/em> was spread by the Jiang tribe from the north-west to the central area of China. It originally had only four holes. Jing Fang of Han dynasty added one hole at the back of it and became a five holes instrument. Lie He of Jin dynasty made it to a six-hole one and almost the same as today\u2019s instrument. In Tang dynasty, there was a wind instrument called Shakuhachi<\/em> which was similar to the xiao<\/em> of today. It has a hole for the bamboo membrane sticker. Since Tang dynasty, di<\/em> was steadily changed the name to xiao<\/em> or dongxiao<\/em>. The instrument is made of bamboo with five holes in the front and one hole in the back. It was blowing vertically at the upper end to produce a soft musical sound.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u9aa8\u54e8\u8207\u9aa8\u7b1b
Gushao (Bone Whistle)
Gudi (Bone Flute)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00a0<\/p>

\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e03\u4e09\u5e74\u6d59\u6c5f\u9918\u59da\u5e02\u6cb3\u59c6\u6e21\u907a\u5740\u51fa\u571f\u4e86\u4e00\u767e\u516d\u5341\u4ef6\u9aa8\u54e8\u548c\u9aa8\u7b1b\uff0c\u64da\u6e2c\u5b9a\u662f\u5c6c\u65b0\u77f3\u5668\u6642\u4ee3\u907a\u7269\uff0c\u8ddd\u4eca\u5df2\u6709\u7d04\u4e03\u5343\u5e74\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u3002\u6cb3\u59c6\u6e21\u7684\u9aa8\u54e8\u7528\u79bd\u9ce5\u7684\u80a2\u9aa8\u4e2d\u6bb5\u88fd\u6210\uff0c\u9577\u7d04\u516d\u81f3\u5341\u91d0\u7c73\u4e0d\u7b49\uff0c\u4e2d\u7a7a\uff0c\u5668\u8eab\u7565\u6709\u5f27\u5ea6\u5728\u51f8\u5f27\u4e00\u5074\u78e8\u6709\u4e00\u81f3\u4e09\u500b\u5713\u5f62\u6216\u6a62\u5713\u5f62\u5b54\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u5728\u4e00\u5074\u5169\u7aef\u5404\u7a7f\u4e00\u500b\u5b54\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u908a\u5835\u585e\uff0c\u4e00\u908a\u662f\u7aaf\uff0c\u4e8c\u982d\u7a7a\u53eb\u54e8\uff0c\u4e00\u982d\u5835\u4f4f\u7684\u53eb\u7b1b\uff0c\u9aa8\u54e8\u8207\u9aa8\u7b1b\u7684\u5340\u5225\u5728\u6b64\u3002\u6cb3\u59c6\u6e21\u9aa8\u54e8\u548c\u9aa8\u7b1b\u4ecd\u53ef\u5439\u51fa\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u97f3\u8abf\uff0c\u8072\u97f3\u5c16\u7a05\uff0c\u8207\u9ce5\u9cf4\u8072\u76f8\u50cf\u3002\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5148\u6c11\u5011\u5229\u7528\u9aa8\u54e8\u767c\u51fa\u7684\u9ce5\u9cf4\u8072\u8a98\u6355\u5404\u7a2e\u98db\u79bd\uff0c\u6216\u767c\u51fa\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u8072\u97f3\u8a0a\u865f\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u652f\u7d50\u69cb\u50cf\u5152\u7ae5\u5011\u73a9\u7684\u8c4e\u7b1b\u3002\u9aa8\u54e8\u8207\u9aa8\u7b1b\u4e0d\u50c5\u662f\u7b1b\u5b50\u7684\u9f3b\u7956\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u8fc4\u4eca\u70ba\u6b62\u5728\u6211\u570b\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\u6700\u4e45\u7684\u6a02\u5668\u3002<\/p>

\u2013<\/strong>Gushao<\/em><\/strong> (Bone Whistle) and <\/strong>Gudi<\/em> (Bone Flute)<\/strong><\/p>

In 1973, a hundred and sixty pieces of bone shao<\/em> (whistles) and dizi<\/em> were unearthed at Hemudu Site in the city of Yuyao of Zhejiang province. The bone relics, according to the science reports, were the remains of the New Stone Age, roughly 7000 years ago. Bone whistles at Hemudu Site are made of the mid-sections of bird limbs, of varying lengths ranging from six to ten centimeters. Shao<\/em> are made of bones hollowed out, with one to three circular or oval holes on the convex surface of it. Some have two holes made at one end, while others have holes on both, which is how a shao<\/em> differs from a di<\/em>. Gushao<\/em> has holes at one end while gudi<\/em> has holes at both ends. The bone whistles and flutes excavated at Hemudu are capable of producing simple, high-pitched sounds like the birds. The primitives may have used them to catch game, or sent out messages. One of these pieces resembles the kind of flute children play today. Gushao <\/em>and gudi<\/em> are not only the prototypes of flutes, but also the earliest musical instruments hitherto unearthed in the country.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u6392\u7c2b - Paixiaio<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00a0<\/p>

\u6392\u7c2b\uff0c\u53e4\u4ee3\u5439\u594f\u6a02\u5668\u3002\u539f\u7a31\u7c2b\u3002\u300a\u4e16\u672c\u300b\uff1a\u300c\u7c2b\uff0c\u821c\u6240\u9020\u3002\u5176\u5f62\u53c3\u5dee\u8c61\u9cf3\u7ffc\uff0c\u5341\u7ba1\uff0c\u9577\u4e8c\u5c3a\u3002\u300d\uff1b\u300a\u535a\u96c5\u300b\uff1a\u300c\u7c2b\uff0c\u5927\u8005\u4e8c\u5341\u56db\u7ba1\uff0c\u7121\u5e95\uff1b\u5c0f\u8005\u5341\u516d\u7ba1\uff0c\u6709\u5e95\u3002\u300d\uff1b\u300a\u4e09\u79ae\u5716\u300b\uff1a\u300c\u7121\u5e95\u8005\u8b02\u4e4b\u6d1e\u7c2b\u300d\u3002\u6f22\u3001\u5510\u4ee5\u4f86\u77f3\u523b\u3001\u58c1\u756b\u53ca\u96a8\u846c\u9676\u4fd1\u4e2d\u5e38\u53ef\u898b\u5230\u5439\u594f\u6392\u7c2b\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u3002\u5b8b\u4ee5\u5f8c\u6c11\u9593\u5931\u50b3\uff0c\u53ea\u7528\u65bc\u5bae\u5ef7\u96c5\u6a02\u3002\u6e56\u5317\u96a8\u7e23\u66fe\u4faf\u4e59\u5893\u51fa\u571f\u6709\u6392\u7c2b\uff0c\u7af9\u88fd\u3001\u7de8\u7ba1\u5341\u4e09\uff0c\u6309\u9577\u77ed\u4f9d\u6b21\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u6700\u9577\u8005\u4e8c\u5341\u4e8c\u9ede\u4e94\u91d0\u7c73\uff0c\u6700\u77ed\u8005\u4e94\u9ede\u4e00\u91d0\u7c73\uff0c\u7528\u4e09\u9053\u7bfe\u7bd0\u675f\u7d50\uff0c\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u8003\u53e4\u767c\u73fe\u5e74\u4ee3\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u5be6\u7269\u3002\u8fd1\u4eba\u5f9e\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u4f96\u5b57\u7684\u5f62\u614b\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u4f96\u6216\u7c65\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7de8\u7ba1\u6a02\u5668\uff0c\u63a5\u8fd1\u6392\u7c2b\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u5f62\u5236\u3002<\/p>

\u2013<\/strong>Paixiao<\/em><\/strong><\/p>

Paixiaio<\/em> was a kind of ancient wind instrument of China. It was originally called xiao<\/em>. The old history book mentioned that it was made by emperor Shun according to the shade of the phoenix\u2019s wing. The instrument had ten tubes in two rulers\u2019 length. Another ancient record mentioned that the bigger xiao<\/em> had twenty-four tubes in free end and the smaller one had sixteen tubes with a closed end. Other book defined that the free-ended one was call dongxiao<\/em>. We can always find the performing figures of paixiao<\/em> from the rock carvings, paintings and pottery of Han and Tang dynasty. After the Song dynasty, paixiao<\/em> had disappeared in the nongovernmental activity, it was only used at the court. In Sui county of Hebei province, there unearthed a bamboo paixiao<\/em> with thirteen tubes setting order according to the tubes\u2019 length. The longest one was 22.5 cm and the shortest one was 5.1 cm bound together by three bamboo strips. This was the oldest archaeological discoveries of paixiao<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u846b\u8606\u7d72 - Hulusi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\u846b\u8606\u7d72\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00a0<\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>

\u846b\u8606\u7d72\uff0c\u662f\u6d41\u884c\u65bc\u50a3\u3001\u5f5d\u3001\u963f\u660c\u7b49\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u6a02\u5668\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u6a02\u5668\u7528\u534a\u622a\u5c0f\u846b\u8606\u4f5c\u70ba\u97f3\u7bb1\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e09\u6839\u9577\u77ed\u4e0d\u4e00\u7684\u7af9\u7ba1\u4e26\u6392\u63d2\u5728\u846b\u8606\u5167\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u846b\u8606\u7684\u7af9\u7ba1\u4e0b\u7aef\uff0c\u5d4c\u6709\u9285\u8cea\u7c27\u7247\uff0c\u4e2d\u9593\u8f03\u9577\u7684\u4e00\u6839\u7af9\u7ba1\u958b\u4e03\u5b54\uff08\u524d\u516d\u5f8c\u4e00\uff09\u3002<\/p>

\u5439\u594f\u6642\uff0c\u53e3\u5439\u846b\u8606\u7d30\u7aef\uff0c\u6307\u6309\u4e2d\u9593\u7af9\u7ba1\u7684\u97f3\u5b54\uff0c\u5728\u594f\u51fa\u65cb\u5f8b\u7684\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u5de6\u53f3\u5169\u6839\u7af9\u7ba1\u540c\u6642\u767c\u51fa\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u55ae\u97f3\uff0c\u8207\u65cb\u5f8b\u69cb\u6210\u548c\u97f3\u3002\u846b\u8606\u7d72\u97f3\u8272\u67d4\u548c\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u65bc\u7368\u594f\u548c\u5408\u594f\u3002<\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>

Hulusi<\/em> was a popular musical wind instrument of Dai, Yi and A-Chang tribes. The sound box is made of a dried fruit called hulu<\/em>. There are three bamboo tubes with brass reeds in different length inserted. The longest one has opened six holes in the front and one hole in the back of it. By blowing the small end of the hulu and pressing the holes of the bamboo tube, we may produce beautiful musical sounds. The other bamboo tubes can also produce two sounds for harmony. It is commonly used as solo instrument and in ensemble works.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u55e9\u5450 - Suona<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00a0<\/p>

\u55e9\u5450\u53c8\u540d\u5587\u53ed\uff0c\u5c0f\u55e9\u5450\u53c8\u7a31\u70ba\u6d77\u7b1b\u3002\u5169\u6649\u6642\u671f\uff08\u516c\u5143\u4e8c\u516d\u4e94\u81f3\u56db\u4e8c\u25cb\u5e74\uff09\u5df2\u6d41\u884c\u65bc\u65b0\u7586\u5730\u5340\u3002\u6e05\u4ee3\u55e9\u5450\u5728\u56de\u90e8\u6a02\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u7a31\u70ba\u8607\u723e\u5948\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u6c11\u9593\u904b\u7528\u6700\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u6a02\u5668\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u7528\u65bc\u5408\u594f\u3001\u7368\u594f\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u7528\u65bc\u6232\u66f2\u3001\u6b4c\u821e\u7b49\u4f34\u594f\u3002\u5728\u6c11\u9593\uff0c\u6bcf\u9022\u559c\u6176\u7bc0\u65e5\uff0c\u5439\u6253\u548c\u947c\u9f13\u6a02\u968a\u4e2d\u5927\u90fd\u96e2\u4e0d\u958b\u55e9\u5450\u3002<\/p>

\u55e9\u5450\uff0c\u5728\u6728\u88fd\u7684\u9310\u5f62\u7ba1\u5b50\u4e0a\u958b\u516b\u5b54\uff08\u524d\u4e03\u5f8c\u4e00\uff09\uff0c\u6728\u7ba1\u4e0a\u7aef\u88dd\u4e00\u9285\u7ba1\uff0c\u9285\u7ba1\u4e0a\u7aef\u5957\u4e00\u8466\u88fd\u54e8\u5b50\uff0c\u6728\u7ba1\u4e0b\u7aef\u63a5\u4e00\u5587\u53ed\u5f62\u9285\u8cea\u64f4\u97f3\u5668\u3002\u97f3\u8272\u9ad8\u4ea2\u660e\u4eae\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u6c11\u9593\u85dd\u4eba\u80fd\u63a7\u5236\u6c23\u606f\uff0c\u5439\u51fa\u67d4\u7f8e\u7684\u7c2b\u97f3\u3002<\/p>

\u7d93\u904e\u6539\u9769\u7684\u55e9\u5450\u6709\u9ad8\u3001\u4e2d\u3001\u4f4e\u4e09\u7a2e\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u9084\u52a0\u4e86\u97f3\u9375\uff0c\u64f4\u5927\u4e86\u97f3\u57df\u3002<\/p>

Suona<\/em> is also called the trumpet. The smaller suona<\/em> is called haidi<\/em>. Since Jin dynasty, it was widely spread in Xinjiang. In Qing dynasty, it was called suernai<\/em>. It was the most widely used musical instrument. Apart from the ensemble and solo, it was also be used in accompaniment of opera and dance. During the festival days, it was used together with other wind instruments and the percussions. The instrument has a conical tube with seven holes in the front and one in the back. At the small upper part, there is a brass system with a reed whistle. While at the bigger lower part is installed with a brass loudspeaker. Its sound is bright and some artists can control it to produce soft sound like the xiao<\/em>. The suona<\/em> has been reformed to consist of high, medium and low pitch series with difference keys.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u7ba1 - Guanzi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00a0<\/p>

\u7ba1\uff0c\u6d41\u884c\u65bc\u6211\u570b\u5317\u65b9\u3002\u53e4\u7a31\u7bf3\u7be5\uff08bi li\uff09\u6216\u89f1\u7be5\u3002\u5317\u9b4f\u96f2\u5d17\u77f3\u7a9f\uff08\u516c\u5143\u56db\u516d\u25cb\u81f3\u56db\u4e5d\u56db\u5e74\uff09\u96d5\u523b\u4e2d\u5df2\u6709\u7ba1\u3002\u968b\u5510\u4e5d\u3001\u5341\u90e8\u6a02\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u597d\u5e7e\u90e8\u7528\u5230\u7bf3\u7be5\u3002\u5317\u5b8b\u6559\u574a\u5341\u4e09\u90e8\u4e2d\u6709\u7bf3\u7be5\u90e8\u3002<\/p>

\u7ba1\uff0c\u6728\u88fd\uff0c\u4e0a\u958b\u516b\u5b54\uff08\u524d\u4e03\u5f8c\u4e00\uff09\u3002\u7ba1\u53e3\u63d2\u4e00\u8466\u88fd\u7684\u54e8\u5b50\u3002\u7ba1\u7684\u97f3\u8272\u9ad8\u4ea2\u3002\u5728\u5317\u65b9\u7ba1\u6a02\u968a\u4e2d\u5e38\u5e38\u7528\u4ee5\u9818\u594f\u3002<\/p>

\u65b0\u4e2d\u570b\u6210\u7acb\u5f8c\uff0c\u7ba1\u7684\u88fd\u9020\u548c\u5439\u594f\u6280\u8853\u90fd\u6709\u4e86\u767c\u5c55\u3002\u7d93\u904e\u6539\u9769\u7684\u7ba1\uff0c\u97f3\u57df\u64f4\u5c55\u70ba\u4e8c\u7d44\u53c8\u516d\u500b\u97f3\uff0c\u52a0\u9375\u7ba1\u80fd\u6f14\u594f\u5341\u4e8c\u500b\u534a\u97f3\uff0c\u5728\u5408\u594f\u548c\u7368\u594f\u4e2d\u767c\u63ee\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u6548\u80fd\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u5728\u6a02\u968a\u4e2d\u7d93\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6709\u4e2d\u97f3\u7ba1\u3001\u4f4e\u97f3\u7ba1\u548c\u52a0\u9375\u7ba1\u3002<\/p>

Guanzi<\/em> is spread popularly in the northern part of China. In ancient time, it was called bi li<\/em>. In the Yungang Stone Grottoes of Northern Wei dynasty, there were carved with guanzi.<\/em> Many ensembles of Sui and Tang dynasty used guanzi<\/em> as their main instruments. In Song dynasty, the music training department also included bi li<\/em> in their project. The instrument was made by using a wooden tube as sound box, which had seven holes in the front and one in the back. It was performed vertically by blowing the reed whistle at the upper end. The sound of it is bright and always be used as leading instrument in the northern ensembles. Nowadays, guanzi<\/em> has developed to have wider range and can play semitones.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u96d9\u7ba1 - Shuangguan<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00a0<\/p>

\u96d9\u7ba1\uff0c\u7cfb\u5c07\u5169\u652f\u7ba1\u4e26\u6392\u7d2e\u7d50\u4e00\u8d77\u5439\u594f\uff0c\u6d41\u884c\u65bc\u6771\u5317\u3001\u83ef\u5317\u5ee3\u5927\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u591a\u7528\u65bc\u7368\u594f\u3001\u5408\u594f\u3002<\/p>

\u6771\u6f22\u912d\u7384\u6ce8\u300a\u5468\u79ae\u2027\u6625\u5b98\u2027\u5c0f\u5e2b\u300b\uff1a\u300c\u7ba1\u5982\u7bf4\u800c\u5c0f\uff0c\u4e26\u5169\u800c\u5439\u4e4b\u300d\u3002\u53ef\u898b\u7576\u6642\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u96d9\u7ba1\u985e\u6a02\u5668\u3002\u300a\u968b\u66f8\u2027\u97f3\u6a02\u5fd7\u300b\u8f09\u9f9c\u8332\u6a02\u4e2d\u6709\u96d9\u7bf3\u7be5\u3002\u65b0\u7586\u5410\u9b6f\u756a\u6771\u5317\u90e8\u7684\u4f2f\u5b5c\u514b\u91cc\u514b\u77f3\u7a9f\uff08\u958b\u947f\u65bc\u4e94\u4e94\u25cb\u81f3\u4e00\u4e09\u516d\u516b\u5e74\uff09\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e5d\u7a9f\u6709\u96d9\u7bf3\u7be5\u5716\u50cf\uff0c\u96d9\u7ba1\u4e26\u5217\uff0c\u7ba1\u8eab\u6709\u4e94\u500b\u6309\u5b54\u3002\u5b8b\u9673\u6698\u300a\u6a02\u66f8\u300b\u4e2d\u8f09\u6709\u96d9\u7bf3\u7be5\uff1a\u300c\u80e1\u90e8\u5b89\u570b\u6a02\u5668\u6709\u96d9\u7bf3\u7be5\uff0c\u300a\u5510\u6a02\u5716\u300b\u6240\u50b3\u4e5f\u300d\u3002<\/p>

\u53c8\u6709\u96d9\u9cf3\u7ba1\uff1a\u300c\u96d9\u9cf3\u7ba1\u5408\u5169\u7ba1\u4ee5\u8db3\u5341\u4e8c\u5f8b\u4e4b\u97f3\uff0c\u7ba1\u7aef\u65bd\u56de\u7c27\uff0c\u523b\u9cf3\u4ee5\u70ba\u9996\uff0c\u5de6\u53f3\u5404\u56db\u7ac5\u300d\u3002\u8868\u660e\u96d9\u7ba1\u81ea\u5510\u4ee5\u4f86\u5df2\u5ee3\u70ba\u61c9\u7528\u3002<\/p>

\u73fe\u4ee3\u96d9\u7ba1\u7531\u5169\u652f\u9577\u77ed\u3001\u97f3\u9ad8\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7ba1\u5b50\u4e26\u6392\u7d2e\u7d50\u800c\u6210\u3002\u6bcf\u7ba1\u516b\u5b54\uff08\u524d\u4e03\u5f8c\u4e00\uff09\u3002\u4e5d\u5b54\u7ba1\u5df2\u5f88\u5c11\u898b\u5230\u3002\u6f14\u594f\u6642\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5169\u7ba1\u4e26\u5439\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u5c07\u5169\u7ba1\u5206\u958b\uff0c\u5169\u624b\u5404\u6301\u4e00\u7ba1\uff0c\u624b\u6307\u5404\u6309\u7ba1\u5b50\u4e0a\u65b9\u7684\u4e09\u500b\u97f3\u5b54\uff0c\u4ea4\u66ff\u5439\u594f\u77ed\u4fc3\u7684\u97f3\u7b26\uff0c\u4ee5\u70d8\u6258\u6c23\u6c1b\uff0c\u628a\u6a02\u66f2\u63a8\u5411\u9ad8\u6f6e\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u6a02\u66f2\u6709\u300a\u6c5f\u6cb3\u6c34\u300b\u7b49\u3002<\/p>

Shuangguan<\/em> is binded with two guanzi<\/em> side-by-side. It is always be used in the northern part of China for solo and the ensemble. ZHENG Xuan of Han dynasty mentioned on his book an instrument some what like Shuangguan<\/em>. In the music volume of Sui dynasty, there were double bi li<\/em>. There was a double five-hole bi li<\/em> carved in the Stone Grotto of Bazi Kerik in Xinjiang. CHEN Yang of Song dynasty, had described in his Book of Music<\/em> about the double bi li.<\/em> In Tang dynasty, there was a widely used instrument called double phoenixes guan<\/em>. It was so called because there were carved with a phoenix on each end of the two pipes. These two pipes together can play twelve semitones. Nowadays, the shuangguan<\/em> is an instrument by binding with two guanzi<\/em> of the same length and pitch together. Each guanzi<\/em> has seven holes in the front and one in the back. During performance, the performer can play two guanzi <\/em>together or separately by using three fingers pressing the upper three holes to perform short notes. The representative music of shuangguan<\/em> is River Water<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u5589\u7ba1 - Houguan<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00a0<\/p>

\u5589\u7ba1\uff0c\u53c8\u7a31\u7af9\u7ba1\uff0c\u77ed\u5c0f\u7684\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u77ed\u7ba1\u300d\uff0c\u9577\u800c\u4f4e\u97f3\u7684\u4e26\u65bc\u7ba1\u8eab\u4e0b\u7aef\u52a0\u7897\u8005\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u6c89\u7b52\u300d\u3002\u672c\u4e16\u7d00\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u7528\u65bc\u6f14\u594f\u5ee3\u6771\u97f3\u6a02\u548c\u7cb5\u5287\u4f34\u594f\uff0c\u5f8c\u6d41\u884c\u5169\u5ee3\u5730\u5340\u3002\u4e94\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\uff0c\u53c8\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u4e2d\u97f3\u548c\u4f4e\u97f3\u5589\u7ba1\u3002<\/p>

\u5589\u7ba1\u7531\u54e8\u3001\u7ba1\u8eab\u548c\u5587\u53ed\u53e3\u69cb\u6210\u3002\u54e8\u8606\u8466\u88fd\uff0c\u5169\u7247\u76f8\u5c0d\u5408\u6210\uff0c\u54e8\u53e3\u8f03\u5bec\u800c\u54e8\u7247\u8f03\u539a\u3002\u7ba1\u8eab\u7528\u9577\u8396\u7af9\u3001\u7d05\u6728\u3001\u5851\u81a0\u7ba1\u6216\u91d1\u5c6c\u7ba1\u5236\u6210\uff0c\u4e0a\u958b\u4e03\u5b54\uff0c\u97f3\u8272\u5404\u7570\uff0c\u4ee5\u7af9\u88fd\u70ba\u4f73\u3002\u7ba1\u4e0b\u7aef\u88dd\u9285\u88fd\u5587\u53ed\u53e3\u3002\u4f4e\u97f3\u5589\u7ba1\u9084\u8a2d\u9285\u88fd\u66f2\u9838\u3002\u4e2d\u97f3\u5589\u7ba1\u5168\u9577\u7d04\u4e94\u5341\u4e09\u3001\u5167\u5f91\u4e00\u81f3\u4e00\u9ede\u4e09\u91d0\u7c73\uff1b\u4f4e\u97f3\u5589\u7ba1\u5168\u9577\u7d04\u516b\u5341\u4e94\u3001\u5167\u5f91\u4e00\u9ede\u56db\u81f3\u4e00\u9ede\u4e03\u91d0\u7c73\u3002<\/p>

\u6c11\u65cf\u6a02\u968a\u5e38\u7528G\u8abf\u4e2d\u97f3\u5589\u7ba1\u548cD\u8abf\u4f4e\u97f3\u5589\u7ba1\u3002\u4e0d\u80fd\u8d85\u5439\u3002\u97f3\u57df\u5206\u5225\u70bad\uff0dd1<\/sup>\u548cA\uff0da\u3002\u901a\u904e\u63a7\u5236\u54e8\u5b50\uff0c\u53ef\u8f49\u8fd1\u95dc\u4fc2\u8abf\u3002\u5589\u7ba1\u767c\u97f3\u63a5\u8fd1\u7ba1\u7684\u4f4e\u97f3\u5340\uff0c\u5728\u6a02\u968a\u4e2d\u5e38\u8207\u4e2d\u80e1\u6216\u4f4e\u80e1\u7d50\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u52a0\u5f37\u4e2d\u3001\u4f4e\u97f3\u8072\u90e8\u3002\u591a\u7528\u55ae\u5410\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u594f\u6ed1\u97f3\u3001\u758a\u97f3\u3001\u82b1\u820c\u548c\u986b\u97f3\u7b49\u3002<\/p>

\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u516d\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u51fa\u73fe\u52a0\u9375\u5589\u7ba1\u3002\u7ba1\u8eab\u52a0\u88dd\u6309\u9375\uff0c\u958b\u5341\u516b\u6216\u5341\u4e5d\u500b\u6309\u97f3\u5b54\uff0c\u8a2d\u4e00\u500b\u6cdb\u97f3\u5b54\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d85\u5439\uff08\u5982\u7b52\u97f3g\uff0c\u8d85\u5439\u767c\u9ad8\u5341\u4e8c\u5ea6\u7684d2<\/sup>\uff09\u3001\u6f14\u594f\u534a\u97f3\u968e\uff0c\u9069\u65bc\u8f49\u8abf\u3002\u97f3\u57df\u5169\u500b\u534a\u516b\u5ea6\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u65bc\u7368\u594f\u3002<\/p>

Houguan<\/em> is also called bamboo pipe. The shorter one in high pitch is known as duanguan<\/em>. While the longer one with a brass loudspeaker at the lower end and in low pitch is known as chentong<\/em>. In the late of 1920s, it was used for performing Guangdong music and accompaniment of Guangdong opera. It was later widely spread in Guangdong and Guangxi. In the early 1950s, it was developed to have alto and bass houguan<\/em>. The instrument is consisted of the whistle, the pipe and the loudspeaker. The whistle is made of reeds. The pipe is either made of bamboo, hard wood, plastic or metal. It is opened with seven holes and can produce different sound quality according to the substance of the pipe. It is the best of the bamboo ones. For chentong<\/em>, it has a brass made loudspeaker at the lower end to enlarge the sound produced. In the traditional orchestra, it is always used the G alto houguan<\/em> and the D bass houguan<\/em>. The range is set at d\uff0dd1 <\/sup>and A\uff0da. By controlling the whistle, it can change the melody to relative tones. Houguan<\/em> produce sound of bass like the guanzi<\/em> and always be used together with zhonghu <\/em>in the ensemble. After 1960s, It is developed to install mechanical system to wider the performance techniques and range. It can play semitones of two and a halve octaves. It is now developed to a solo instrument.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u53e3\u7b1b - Koudi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00a0<\/p>

\u53e3\u7b1b\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u6c11\u65cf\u6a02\u5718\u4fde\u905c\u767c\u5275\u88fd\u7684\u65b0\u578b\u5439\u594f\u6a02\u5668\u3002<\/p>

\u7528\u9ec3\u67af\u7af9\u6216\u5c0f\u6c34\u7af9\u88fd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u9577\u8396\u7af9\u3001\u9cf3\u773c\u7af9\u6216\u7d2b\u7af9\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u6bb5\u77ed\u800c\u7d30\u7684\u7af9\u7ba1\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e2d\u9593\u958b\u4e00\u5439\u5b54\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u7ba1\u7aef\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u5b54\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u5169\u5b54\u53e3\u7b1b\uff0c\u82e5\u5728\u8fd1\u5439\u5b54\u8655\u518d\u958b\u4e09\u500b\u97f3\u5b54\uff0c\u7a31\u70ba\u4e94\u5b54\u53e3\u7b1b\u3002<\/p>

\u6f14\u594f\u53e3\u7b1b\uff0c\u5de6\u3001\u53f3\u624b\u62c7\u6307\u63a7\u5236\u7b2c\u4e8c\u3001\u4e00\u5b54\uff0c\u5de6\u624b\u98df\u6307\u6309\u7b2c\u4e09\u5b54\uff0c\u53f3\u624b\u4e2d\u3001\u98df\u6307\u6309\u7b2c\u56db\u3001\u4e94\u5b54\u3002\u97f3\u5b54\u5168\u6309\u767c\u51fa\u6700\u4f4e\u97f3\uff0c\u958b\u4e00\u5b54\u767c\u4e0a\u65b9\u7d14\u56db\u5ea6\u97f3\uff0c\u958b\u4e00\u3001\u4e8c\u5b54\u70ba\u7d14\u516b\u5ea6\u97f3\uff0c\u5169\u62c7\u6307\u5728\u97f3\u5b54\u4e0a\u79fb\u52d5\uff0c\u591a\u958b\u6216\u5c11\u958b\u4e00\u9ede\u97f3\u5b54\uff0c\u4e00\u3001\u4e8c\u5b54\u53ef\u5206\u5225\u767c\u51fa\u56db\u5ea6\u4ee5\u5167\u97f3\u968e\u3002<\/p>

\u53e3\u7b1b\u767c\u97f3\u8fd1\u4f3c\u54e8\u97f3\uff0c\u97f3\u91cf\u8f03\u5927\uff0c\u7a7f\u900f\u529b\u5f37\u3002\u53ef\u6f14\u594f\u6b61\u5feb\u3001\u512a\u7f8e\u7684\u65cb\u5f8b\uff0c\u6a21\u4eff\u767e\u9ce5\u722d\u9cf4\u548c\u63a5\u8fd1\u4eba\u8072\u7684\u5531\u8154\u3002\u7368\u594f\u66f2\u6709\u300a\u82d7\u5dba\u7684\u65e9\u6668\u300b\u3001\u300a\u96f2\u96c0\u300b\u548c\u6539\u7de8\u7684\u300a\u967d\u5149\u7167\u8000\u8457\u5854\u4ec0\u5eab\u723e\u5e79\u300b\u7b49\u3002<\/p>

Koudi<\/em> is a newly invented wind instrument by YU Xun-fa of the Shanghai Chinese Orchestra. It is made from a small portion of bamboo tube with a blowing hole opened in the middle. By using the natural ends of the tube to perform is the two-hole koudi<\/em>. If we open three more holes near the blowing hole, it is the five-hole koudi<\/em>. When performing, the second and the first hole are controlled by the left and right thumbs. The third hole is controlled by the left index finger. While the fourth and the fifth holes are controlled by the right middle and index fingers. The lowest note can be produced by closing all five holes. The sound it produced is some what like the whistle. It has high frequency and volume. Its tone colour possesses a strong penetrative quality. It can play beautiful melodies and imitation of bird-calls. The solo pieces for koudi<\/em> include Morning at Mount Miao, The Lark<\/em> and the adaptation of Sunshine on Taxkorgan<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u5df4\u70cf - Ba-u<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00a0<\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>

\u5df4\u70cf\uff0c\u96f2\u5357\u7701\u5f5d\u3001\u82d7\u3001\u54c8\u5c3c\u7b49\u5c11\u6578\u6c11\u65cf\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u55ae\u7c27\u5439\u7ba1\u6a02\u5668\u3002<\/p>

\u5df4\u70cf\u7528\u7af9\u7ba1\u88fd\u6210\uff0c\u6709\u516b\u500b\u6309\u5b54\uff08\u524d\u4e03\u5f8c\u4e00\uff09\uff0c\u5439\u53e3\u8655\u88dd\u4e00\u5c16\u820c\u5f62\u9285\u8cea\u7c27\u7247\u3002\u6f14\u594f\u6642\u6a6b\u5439\u4e0a\u7aef\uff0c\u632f\u52d5\u7c27\u7247\u767c\u8072\u3002\u5df4\u70cf\u97f3\u91cf\u8f03\u5c0f\uff0c\u97f3\u57df\u8f03\u7a84\uff0c\u4f46\u97f3\u8272\u67d4\u7f8e\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u65bc\u4f34\u594f\u821e\u8e48\u3001\u8aaa\u5531\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u7368\u594f\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\uff0c\u5c0d\u5df4\u70cf\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u6539\u9769\u3002\u6539\u9769\u5f8c\u7684\u5df4\u70cf\u7ba1\u8eab\u7565\u7c97\uff0c\u52a0\u56db\u500b\u9375\u5b50\uff0c\u97f3\u57df\u6709\u6240\u64f4\u5927\uff0c\u97f3\u91cf\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>

Ba-u<\/em> is a single reed wind instrument of minorities Yi, Miao and Hani in Yunnan. The instrument is made of bamboo tube with seven holes opened in the front and one in the back. There is another blowing hole installed with a brass reed. It is performed horizontally by blowing the brass reed and pressing the other holes to produce musical sounds. The sound it produce is small, soft and beautiful, but the range is narrow. It is always used for the accompaniment of dance and sing, sometimes used for solo. In recent years, it has been reformed to have wider range and volume.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u5864 - Xun<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00a0<\/p>

\u5864\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7528\u9676\u571f\u71d2\u88fd\u7684\u6a02\u5668\uff0c\u540c\u5176\u4ed6\u6a02\u5668\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4f34\u96a8\u8457\u52de\u52d5\u800c\u7522\u751f\u767c\u5c55\u7684\uff0c\u5864\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230\u65b0\u77f3\u5668\u6642\u671f\u3002<\/p>

\u6211\u570b\u767c\u73fe\u6700\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u5864\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u662f\u4e03\u5343\u5e74\u524d\u6211\u570b\u6d59\u6c5f\u676d\u5dde\u7063\u6cb3\u59c6\u6e21\u539f\u59cb\u5c45\u6c11\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u5b54\u5864\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u5169\u500b\u662f\u5728\u6211\u570b\u897f\u5b89\u534a\u5761\u6751\u6bcd\u7cfb\u793e\u6703\u907a\u5740\u51fa\u571f\u7684\u3002<\/p>

\u5864\u9019\u7a2e\u6a02\u5668\u9084\u5728\u6211\u570b\u5c71\u897f\u3001\u7518\u8085\u3001\u6cb3\u5357\u3001\u5c71\u6771\u7701\u7b49\u5730\u51fa\u571f\u904e\u3002\u5f9e\u51fa\u571f\u6587\u7269\u770b\uff0c\u5864\u7d93\u6b77\u4e86\u6f2b\u9577\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u968e\u6bb5\u3002\u53e4\u4ee3\u5864\u7684\u6a23\u5b50\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u6709\u68a8\u5f62\u3001\u9b5a\u5f62\u3001\u7403\u5f62\u548c\u7b46\u7ba1\u5f62\u7b49\uff0c\u88fd\u4f5c\u5864\u7684\u6750\u6599\u6709\u9676\u3001\u77f3\u3001\u7389\u3001\u6728\u3001\u8c61\u7259\u7b49\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u591a\u662f\u9676\u88fd\u7684\u3002<\/p>

\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u5864\u91cd\u7372\u65b0\u751f\uff0c\u61c9\u7576\u6b78\u529f\u65bc\u90a3\u4e9b\u71b1\u5fc3\u65bc\u6316\u6398\u3001\u7814\u88fd\u3001\u6539\u9769\u3001\u5275\u65b0\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u97f3\u6a02\u5bb6\u548c\u6f14\u594f\u5bb6\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u8271\u82e6\u52aa\u529b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5864\u7684\u97f3\u57df\u4e0d\u65b7\u64f4\u5c55\uff0c\u5df2\u7531\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u516d\u500b\u97f3\u5b54\u589e\u52a0\u5230\u5341\u5e7e\u500b\u97f3\u5b54\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u9806\u5229\u5730\u594f\u51fa\u5341\u4e8c\u5e73\u5747\u5f8b\uff0c\u5864\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u529b\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u6975\u5927\u5730\u8c50\u5bcc\uff0c\u5864\u7684\u6f14\u594f\u6280\u5de7\u7684\u4e0d\u65b7\u5275\u65b0\uff0c\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u4e0d\u65b7\u6e67\u73fe\uff0c\u4f7f\u5864\u9019\u4e00\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u6a02\u5668\u53c8\u91cd\u65b0\u7165\u767c\u4e86\u9752\u6625\u3002\u5982\u4eca\u7684\u5864\u4e0d\u50c5\u80fd\u5439\u51fa\u53e4\u96c5\u6df1\u6c89\u3001\u5982\u6ce3\u5982\u8a34\u7684\u60b2\u6dbc\u65cb\u5f8b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u80fd\u594f\u51fa\u71b1\u60c5\u5954\u653e\u3001\u8a7c\u8ae7\u5e7d\u9ed8\u7684\u6b61\u6a02\u6a02\u7ae0\u3002<\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Xun<\/em> is a wind instrument made of pottery. Its development was engaged to the manual labour in the early times. Its history can be traced back to the Neolithic period. One of the oldest xun<\/em> of 7000 years before was unearthed in Hemudu of Zhejiang province. This was a single hole xun<\/em>. Another two were unearthed in Banpo village of Xi\u2019an. Xun<\/em> were also unearthed in Shanxi, Gansu, Henan and Shandong provinces. It had undergone a long period of development and had different shapes like pear, fish, spherical and tubular. The manufacturing material included pottery, stone, jade, wood and ivory. But the most common one is earthenware. Today, we can easily approach the xun<\/em> must attribute to those musicians and instrumentalists who are hard working in unearth, research, reform and bring forth new ideas. They have developed it to an over ten holes instrument and can play semitones. Today, xun<\/em> is not only to play ancient melodies, it can also play melodies of warm, flowing, joy and with humor.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u5439\u7ba1\u985e Other Wind Instruments \u7b1b\u5b50\u00a0 Dizi \u7c2b Xiao \u55e9\u5436 Suona \u7b19\u00a0 Sheng \u8606\u7b19 Lusheng \u7ba1 Guanzi \u96d9\u7ba1 Shuangguan \u5589\u7ba1 Houguan \u6392\u7c2b Paixiao \u00a0 \u5df4\u70cf Ba-u \u5864 Xun \u846b\u8606\u7d72 Hulusi \u53e3\u7b1b Koudi \u9aa8\u7b1b Gudi (Bone Flute) \u7b1b\u5b50 – Dizi \u00a0 \u7b1b\u5b50\uff0c\u53e4\u4ee3\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u6a6b\u5439\u300d\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u53c8\u7a31\u300c\u6a6b\u7b1b\u300d\u3002\u76f8\u50b3\u6f22\u6b66\u5e1d\u6642\uff08\u516c\u5143\u524d\u4e00\u56db\u25cb\u81f3\u516b\u4e03\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u5f35\u9a2b\u5230\u4e86\u897f\u57df\uff08\u5373\u73fe\u5728\u7684\u4e2d\u4e9e\u7d30\u4e9e\u4e00\u5e36\uff09\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u624d\u958b\u59cb\u5c07\u5439\u7b1b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u50b3\u5230\u7576\u6642\u7684\u9996\u90fd\u9577\u5b89\uff08\u5373\u73fe\u5728\u7684\u897f\u5b89\uff09\u3002\u5f9e\u6f22\u5893\u7684\u62d3\u7247\u548c\u6566\u714c\u7684\u58c1\u756b\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u7b1b\u5b50\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u6211\u570b\u81f3\u5c11\u5728\u4e8c\u5343\u591a\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\u5c31\u5df2\u7d93\u6709\u4e86\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6a02\u5668\u3002\u7b1b\u5b50\u50b3\u5165\u5f8c\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u5728\u9577\u671f\u6f14\u594f\u7684\u5be6\u8e10\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7d50\u5408\u4e86\u672c\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u7279\u9ede\u548c\u559c\u611b\uff0c\u5275\u9020\u6027\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u4e86\u7b1b\u5b50\u7684\u6f14\u594f\u6280\u8853\u3002\u5982\u5728\u5b8b\u3001\u660e\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u6c11\u9593\u6d41\u884c\u4e86\u534a\u5b54\u6309\u6cd5\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u5728\u5b8b\u4ee3\u9673\u6698\u300a\u6a02\u66f8\u300b\u3001\u660e\u4ee3\u6731\u8f09\u5809\u300a\u5f8b\u5442\u7cbe\u7fa9\u300b\u8207\u671d\u9bae\u7684\u300a\u6a02\u5b78\u8ecc\u7bc4\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u8a73\u7d30\u7684\u8a18\u8f09\u3002 \u76ee\u524d\u6c11\u9593\u5404\u5730\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u7b1b\u5b50\uff0c\u7a2e\u985e\u5f88\u591a\u3002\u6709\u4f34\u594f\u5357\u65b9\u6606\u66f2\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u6232\u66f2\u7684\u66f2\u7b1b\uff1b\u6709\u4f34\u594f\u5317\u65b9\u6886\u5b50\u6232\u7684\u6886\u7b1b\uff1b\u9084\u6709\u6c11\u9593\u5404\u5730\u5c40\u90e8\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u7b1b\u5b50\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u65b0\u4e2d\u570b\u6210\u7acb\u5f8c\uff0c\u5404\u6587\u85dd\u5de5\u4f5c\u5718\u9ad4\u9084\u958b\u59cb\u61c9\u7528\u4e86\u4ed6\u5011\u8a66\u88fd\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u6539\u826f\u65b0\u7b1b\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u7b1b\u5b50\u7684\u7a2e\u985e\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6c11\u9593\u8f03\u666e\u904d\u61c9\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u66f2\u7b1b\u548c\u6886\u7b1b\u5169\u7a2e\u3002 \u7b1b\u5b50\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7af9\u88fd\u7684\u6a02\u5668\uff0c\u4e0a\u958b\u6709\u5439\u5b54\u548c\u819c\u5b54\u5404\u4e00\uff0c\u6309\u6307\u5b54\u516d\u500b\uff0c\u97f3\u8272\u6e05\u8106\uff0c\u97f3\u57df\u8f03\u5bec\uff0c\u80fd\u5439\u5169\u7d44\u591a\u4e00\u9ede\u7684\u97f3\uff1b\u6886\u7b1b\u6bd4\u66f2\u7b1b\u77ed\u5c0f\uff0c\u5728\u97f3\u9ad8\u4e0a\uff0c\u6bd4\u66f2\u7b1b\u9ad8\u4e00\u500b\u7d14\u56db\u5ea6\u3002\u66f2\u7b1b\u7684\u97f3\u8272\u67d4\u7f8e\u800c\u6e05\u8106\uff0c\u6886\u7b1b\u5247\u9ad8\u4ea2\u800c\u660e\u6717\u3002\u9019\u4e8c\u7a2e\u7b1b\u5b50\u9664\u4f34\u594f\u6232\u66f2\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u666e\u904d\u5730\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u7368\u594f\u3001\u5408\u594f\u548c\u6c11\u6b4c\u3001\u821e\u8e48\u7684\u4f34\u594f\uff1b\u4f34\u594f\u6642\uff0c\u5b83\u5f80\u5f80\u4ee5\u4e3b\u8981\u6a02\u5668\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u51fa\u73fe\u3002 \u65b0\u4e2d\u570b\u6210\u7acb\u5f8c\uff0c\u5c0d\u7b1b\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u591a\u6b21\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u5148\u5f8c\u88fd\u51fa\u4e86\u6210\u5957\u7684\u5341\u4e8c\u8abf\u7684\u7b1b\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u66f2\u7b1b\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\u6539\u88fd\u4e86\u52a0\u9375\u7b1b\uff0c\u4fdd\u7559\u539f\u6709\u7684\u516d\u500b\u97f3\u5b54\uff0c\u7528\u9375\u5b50\u63a7\u5236\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u534a\u97f3\uff0c\u4fbf\u65bc\u81e8\u6642\u5347\u964d\u534a\u97f3\u53ca\u8f49\u8abf\u3002 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Dizi was called the Horizontal Winds in ancient times. Later on, it was also called the Horizontal Flute. It was told that ZHANG Qian of the Han Emperor Wu (140 to 87 B.C.) firstly brought <\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":4238,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3847","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinesemusics.com\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3847","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinesemusics.com\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinesemusics.com\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinesemusics.com\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinesemusics.com\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3847"}],"version-history":[{"count":71,"href":"https:\/\/chinesemusics.com\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3847\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10579,"href":"https:\/\/chinesemusics.com\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3847\/revisions\/10579"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinesemusics.com\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4238"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinesemusics.com\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3847"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}